Tuesday 27 May 2014

Example of Assembly Program using Interrupt 0, 1 and 2

Example of Circuit 


;When start the program, LED will perform running light
;Interrupt 0 -> Count Up
;Interrupt 1 -> Count Down
;Interrupt 2 -> Addition Operation

;Interrupt service vectors
.org $0000
rjmp Reset ; Reset vector
.org INT0addr
rjmp IntV0 ; INT0 vector (ext. interrupt from pin D2)
.org INT1addr
rjmp IntV1 ; INT1 vector (ext. interrupt from pin D3)
.org INT2addr
rjmp IntV2 ; INT1 vector (ext. interrupt from pin D3)
;---------------------------------------------------------
;
; Register defines for main loop
.def TIME=r16
.def TEMP=r17
;--------------------------------------------------------
;
; Reset vector - just sets up interrupts and service routines and
; then loops forever.
Reset:
LDI R16,$08
OUT SPH,R16
LDI R16,$54
OUT SPL,R16
;Initialize Port
LDI R16,$FF
OUT DDRA,R16
LDI R16,0b11111011
OUT DDRB,R16
LDI R16,0
OUT DDRD,R16
OUT DDRC,R16
; set up int0 and int1 and int2
LDI TEMP,0b11100000; Enable INT0,INT1, INT2
OUT GICR,TEMP
LDI TEMP,0b00001010; Set falling edge trigger for INT0
OUT mcucr,TEMP
LDI TEMP,0x00; Set falling edge trigger for INT1
OUT mcucsr,TEMP
sei ; enable interrupts and off we go!
loop:
LDI R16,0B10000000
OUT PORTB,R16
CALL delay_05
LDI R16,0B01000000
OUT PORTB,R16
CALL delay_05
LDI R16,0B00100000
OUT PORTB,R16
CALL delay_05
LDI R16,0B00010000
OUT PORTB,R16
CALL delay_05
LDI R16,0B00001000
OUT PORTB,R16
CALL delay_05
LDI R16,0B00000010
OUT PORTB,R16
CALL delay_05
LDI R16,0B00000001
OUT PORTB,R16
CALL delay_05
rjmp loop ; Infinite loop - never terminates
;------------------------------------------------------
;
; Int0 vector - decrease count
IntV0:
LDI ZH,HIGH(2*Count_Down)
LDI ZL,LOW(2*Count_Down)
LDI R17,10
Ulang2:
LPM R18,Z
OUT PORTA,R18
CALL delay_05
INC ZL
DEC R17
BRNE Ulang2
RETI
rjmp loop
;-----------------------------------------------------
;
; Int1 vector - increase count
IntV1:
LDI ZH,HIGH(2*Count_Up)
LDI ZL,LOW(2*Count_Up)
LDI R17,10
Ulang1:
LPM R18,Z
OUT PORTA,R18
CALL delay_05
INC ZL
DEC R17
BRNE Ulang1
RETI
rjmp loop

IntV2:
IN R16,PIND
ANDI R16,0b11100000
MOV R17,R16
LSR R17
LSR R17
LSR R17
LSR R17
LSR R17
IN R16,PINC
ANDI R16,0b00000111
ADD R16,R17

Display:
LDI ZH,HIGH(TABLE<<1)
LDI ZL,LOW(TABLE<<1)
ADD ZL,R16
LPM R18,Z
OUT PORTA,R18
RETI
rjmp loop


Count_Up:
.DB $00,$10,$20,$30,$40,$50,$60,$70,$80,$90

Count_Down:
.DB $00,$09,$08,$07,$06,$05,$04,$03,$02,$01

TABLE:
.DB $00,$01,$02,$03,$04,$05,$06,$07,$08,$09,$10,$11,$12,$13,$14

delay_05:
LDI R16,8

outer_loop:
LDI R24,low(3037)
LDI R25,high(3037)

delay_loop:
ADIW R24,1
BRNE delay_loop
DEC R16
BRNE outer_loop
RET

Monday 21 April 2014

Product : Electronics Training Kit


Electronics Training Kit


This electronic training kit for microcontroller is designed to offer an easy-to-start solution for microcontroller user. This board comes with basic element for user to begin project development. Why should you use this product?
  • Innovative Solutions - We have experience in solving difficult real-world problems using microcontrollers.
  • Reduce Development Time - Development kits and peripherals are powerful hardware modules to test design concepts and software/firmware.
  • Fast / Easy Project Scope Development - Just call or email afrentech@gmail.com, discuss what you want to accomplish.
  • Provide key support to small groups of people on and as-needed basis.

Product : Electronic Angklung (E-Angklung)

E-Angklung

You know what's the problem of a normal angklung? They only can be played only by those who know music. You need to hire someone to play the angklung for you.  It seems quite difficult to play the complete melodies (37 notes) by yourselves alone rather than having a group of people to play them. Of course you can play the angklung by yourselves but it requires hard work for you to train until you reach that level. 

What fun is that kind of angklung? We'll answer that: NO FUN AT ALL. You know what is fun? Using the Electronic Angklung (E-Angklung). Listening to the melody of angklung is just at your fingertip. Just select a preprogramed song from a list of your favourite songs, then you can just sit and relax, enjoying the melody of your favourite song.

Sometimes the sound of the melody of our favourite song is all we need to rouse our holiday spirits. Available in an array of songs collection, our modern E-Angklung will leave your mind in peace. You can make your home as the perfect getaway for rest and tranquillity with the sound of the E-Angklung. It really is the most wonderful time for you.

Descriptions:
  • The design of the angklung is based on your taste.
  • Genuine bamboo tubes which are carved to have the best resonant pitch.
  • Wooden carved frame for the best traditional look which suits perfectly for your living room.
  • Built-in list of songs collection based on your request.
  • Suitable as an automated performer for any special occasions.
  • The best jukebox with the authentic traditional look.
It boasts a wide array of awards, including CITREX 2012 (Gold Award), ITEX 2012 (Silver Award) and Taiwan International Invention Exhibition 2012 (Gold Award).

If you are interested, don't hesitate to contact us via afrentech@gmail.com.

Book : AutoCAD for Electrician


Previously, if a designer wants to draft a plan or a drawing, that meant he need to grab a pencil, a ruler, a protractor and most likely a compass. Next, he needs to spend several hours to create the drawing on a piece of paper. If there are some changes, a lot of efforts need to be done by removing parts and then he has to spend a few more hours to fix it. However, those days are gone. AutoCAD has turned the art of creating lines, circles and squares into remedies to all pains in creating a drawing.

AutoCAD, however, is not something that you can master in a weekend.  It takes knowledge and mental sweat to learn how to use it, and even more to become proficient. The good news is that “AutoCAD for Electrician” can make the learning process a LOT easier for those new to computer-aided drafting.

This book suits to anyone who wants to learn AutoCAD Autodesk drawing tools. It will  show you a step by step guide in order to complete a technical drawing.

Descriptions:

Price : RM 20.00 (57 pages with high quality papers, size : 23 cm x  15 cm)

Shipping Cost : Bear by customers ( + RM 6 for Peninsular Malaysia)

If you are interested you can contact us through email : afrentech@gmail.com

Contents :

Chapter 1 : Introduction to AutoCAD

Chapter 2 : Drawing Tools

Chapter 3 : Modifying Tools

Chapter 4 : Title Block

Chapter 5 : Hatching

Chapter 6 : Blocks

Chapter 7 : Application of Design Centre

Chapter 8 : Isometric and Orthographic

AutoCAD for Electrician

Jangan buat bisnes Sampah


Jika anda ingin buat bisnes, sila jangan jadi orang bisnes yang sampah.

Apa kah ciri-ciri orang bisnes sampah?

Antara ciri-ciri orang bisnes sampah: mat exaggerate, mat amik percent, “saya pegang semua sekolah kat msia”, “saya punya network satu malaysia”, “saya dah pengalaman buat benda ni bertahun2 (tapi tak kaya pon), “saya boleh bawak jumpa Menteri / Pengarah XYZ” (ini exaggeration yang sori lah aku tak tahan nak dengar dah selepas kali ke-1000), geng2 runner (tak buat kerja tapi “tolong” bawak jumpa “orang”), jenis buat bisnes style on-the-go  — takde ofis, paperwork, etc, semua main mulut je, suka buat benda ad hoc, perasan diri berpengalaman (padahal pengalaman nya dalam skop yang sikit dan terhad), tak simpan akaun, takde bisnes kad, takde permanent staf (yang ada gaji tetap dan KWSP), kaki masuk tender, selalu nya berpelajaran rendah, omong2 macam bisnes juta2 tapi buat sales RM 500 pon excited, takde proper company profile, suka pindah2 kompeni, takde ofis, register enterprise banyak2, suka rekrut budak2 muda yg naive, kononnya nak ajar jadi protege dia lah (kekekeke), suka buat kerja tak habis, buat kerja tak proper, cincai boncai, tak proper, suka lepak kedai kopi borak pasal “bisnes”, macam2 cerita dongeng diperkhabarkan kepada umum, semuanya exaggeration — “saya dulu buat bisnes dengan pejabat menteri besar” (padahal sebenarnya dia penah supply klip kertas dekat pejabat syarikat yg merupakan anak syarikat kepada kerajaan negeri), cakap macam salesman (ini aku cukup pantang, sapa nak discuss bisnes dengan aku tapi bercakap macam salesman dan anggap aku ni customer, siap la lepas ko balik nahas ko aku maki ko kat belakang), suka perasan dirinya bigshot, suka jadi middle man, ada 1-2 kawan di negeri lain tapi claim dia ada “network satu malaysia”, usually buat bisnes kecil2an tapi takde kedai pon, selalu jadi leech/pacat — pegi jumpa orang yg ada produk bagus lepas tu offer nak buat “jayvee”…boleh blah la wei, setakat bagi idea pastu mintak percent, dan pelbagai lagi ciri-ciri kesampahan dalam bisnes.

Kalau anda buat bisnes 1 tahun pun cukup la, pelbagai jenis sampah anda dapat lihat.
Orang bisnes sampah ni, kalau buat bisnes 15 tahun pun, lepas 15 tahun masih sampah lagi. Mereka takkan kaya-kaya kerana fundamental bisnes tidak wujud. Bisnes mereka kais pagi makan pagi, kais petang makan petang. Sepatutnya kalau bisnes dah 15 tahun, kompeni sudah berkembang biak dan sudah buat transaction juta-juta.

Susah sebenarnya cari orang yang tak sampah ni, dalam bisnes. Kebanyakan “usahawan” di luar sana adalah sampah. Anda mungkin tak suka dengar ini atau anggap saya ni negatif, tetapi itu lah hakikatnya. Alhamdulillah saya dikerumuni oleh rakan2 bisnes yang tidak sampah — Director2 Aidan (Iznan, Alif, Akmal, Khairul), Samrizat, Jalil, Luqman, etc. Mereka ini semua anti-sampah macam saya juga.

Di dalam perjalanan bisnes kami, memang banyak cerita sampah yang kami lalui dan kami sering berkongsi bersama-sama. Kami agak pantang bila mendengar sahabat2 bisnes kami didekati sampah. Mesti timbul sesi mengumpat mat sampah tersebut. Begitulah meluatnya kami kepada orang bisnes sampah.

Dulu di dalam Aidan Group ada seorang yang sampah. Ada seorang Director Aidan yang beriya-iya nak mengekalkan mat sampah ini di dalam Aidan Group, walaupun orang lain dah naik meluat terutama aku yang awal-awal lagi sudah nampak kesampahannya. Mujurlah Allah tunjukkan kepada Director tersebut perihal kesampahan mat sampah tersebut, dan Director itu sendiri yang memecat sampah itu. Kalau ikutkan hati, nak je aku cakap, “SEE I TOLD YOU SO”…tapi member punya pasal, jaga hati eheheh.

Adakah anda sedang berurusan dengan Orang Bisnes yang Sampah?

Bagaimana mengesan orang bisnes yang sampah:

1. Tiada pengenalan syarikat yang proper — profil syarikat, business card, stationery (receipt, invoice, letterhead), dokumen syarikat, logo, etc.

2. Tiada dokumentasi — semua benda main cakap mulut. tiada black and white

3. Suka exaggerate sehinggakan hampir setiap ayat nak menunjukkan dia terer, berpengalaman dan well-connected — of course, nak jadi bisnesman kena ada “gift of the gab” atau kebolehan bercakap, tapi jangan lah sampai terlalu melampau. Dulu aku penah lepak dengan mamat ni, punya lah tak tahan perut aku dengar dia exaggerate sampai dia cakap kalau dia call Tan Sri Muhyiddin pukul 2 pagi nak jumpa, Tan Sri akan bangun dan layan dia (mamat ni bukan bigshot pon, dia peniaga sederhana yang biasa je). aku pon tanya la, eh mana abang kenal tan sri? dia kata, dulu tahun 80an, tan sri pernah duduk satu bilik dengan dia seminggu kat US. HOHHHH???? habis tu ko ingat TIMBALAN PERDANA MENTERI MALAYSIA akan layan ko jam 2 pagi sebab ko penah jadi roommate dia 30 tahun yang lepas???? dumbass. Ini adalah contoh sampah yang agung. gile lah mamat ni delusional.

4. Tidak berminat dengan perkara2 “proper” dalam building a business — branding, hiring and training pekerja2 tetap (gaji tetap dan KWSP), ofis yang proper, dokumentasi yang lengkap. lebih suka membuat bisnes cara macho iaitu melalui borak2 kedai kopi

5. suka menggunakan sentimen Melayu dan Islam — contoh dialog typical: “abang ni memang nak tolong ni dik, kalau orang macam abang ni tak tolong, siapa lagi nak tolong bangsa kita dik” (macam lah aku perlu sangat ‘kepakaran’ dia jadi middlemen dan amik percentage yang tak deserve pon). “saya buat ni ikhlas demi memajukan umat” kalau betul2 nak majukan umat, RUN A PROPER BUSINESS, and expand your business properly, jangan buat caca marba dan sampah. yg peliknya, orang yang buat business proper ni takde pulak banyak cerita pasal melayu dan islam. they concentrate on developing good products, cutting costs (in a proper way) and cultivating good relationship with customers, i.e. growing their businesses organically

6. suka menekan harga. bagi mereka, HARGA adalah segala-galanya. biarlah aku jual screwdriver RM500 pun, aku ‘usahawan’ hebat hahaha…bukan pikir mengenai pelanggan, mengenai kos, mengenai reputasi dan mengenai good practices. yg dipikir duit semata2 (sebab tu lah tak kaya2 walau 15 tahun ber”bisnes”)

7. tidak jujur

8. mempunyai muka yang kotor (ini adalah subjektif, tetapi anda akan dapat tau jika anda melihatnya)

9. terlalu obses dengan direct nego / kontrak kerajaan, sehinggakan dari awal sampai akhir duk cerita pasal “lubang”, “network”, “kontrek”, bukannya berfikir bagaimana untuk compete di pasaran terbuka dengan menyediakan produk terbaik dengan harga terendah.

Kesimpulannya, elakkan membuat bisnes sampah.

PS: Di sini ingin saya jelaskan bahawa orang bisnes sampah yang saya maksudkan bukanlah orang-orang yang buat MLM, skim cepat kaya, skim piramid, perniagaan internet, geng2 perigi duit, geng2 cari downline dan sebagainya. Orang-orang yang saya maksudkan sebagai orang bisnes sampah ialah orang yang buat bisnes sebenar tapi bisnesnya sampah.


Geng-geng yang disebutkan di atas (MLM, skim cepat kaya, skim piramid, perniagaan internet, geng2 perigi duit, geng2 cari downline dsb.) tidaklah termasuk kategori orang bisnes sampah, bahkan mereka termasuk dalam kategori yang lebih hina iaitu sampah sarap.

Sunday 20 April 2014

Exercise for Atmega32 using Assembly Language

(Basic Exercise for Atmega32 using Assembly Language)

Salam kepada semua student di luar sana yang ada masalah nak buat tugasan MikroPie, di sini kami berkongsi secara percuma Assembly Language untuk tugasan LED run kiri kanan, juga Count 7 Segment up and down. Selamat meniru, he he (jika tidak faham boleh tanya kami di email afrentech@gmail.com.

Hi Everybody especially to students who still struggling to complete their microp assignments. Good news to all of you, here we would like to share with you an example of microp assignment using assembly language. The tasks for this assignment include running light, 7 segment count up and 7 segment count down. Please try it out. (Any questions don't hesitate to ask us via email afrentech@gmail.com.

Flow Chart
Example of Circuit
;****************  Example of Program  **********************************

 .ORG 0x0000 ;
 RJMP Main

 Main:
LDI R16,low(RAMEND); Set up stack
OUT SPL,R16
LDI R16,high(RAMEND)
OUT SPH,R16
LDI R16,0xFF
OUT DDRA,R16
LDI R16,0xFF
OUT DDRB,R16



Check_Case1:
IN R16,PIND
ANDI R16,0b00000011
CPI  R16,0b00000011
BRNE Default1
JMP Task1

Check_Case2:
IN R16,PIND
ANDI R16,0b00000011
CPI  R16,0b00000010
BRNE Default2
JMP Task2

Check_Case3:
IN R16,PIND
ANDI R16,0b00000011
CPI  R16,0b00000001
BRNE Default3
JMP Task3

Check_Case4:
IN R16,PIND
ANDI R16,0b00000011
CPI  R16,0b00000000
BRNE Default4
JMP Task4

Default1:
LDI R16,0x00
OUT PORTA,R16
LDI R16,0x00
OUT PORTB,R16
JMP Check_Case2

Default2:
LDI R16,0x00
OUT PORTA,R16
LDI R16,0x00
OUT PORTB,R16
JMP Check_Case3

Default3:
LDI R16,0x00
OUT PORTA,R16
LDI R16,0x00
OUT PORTB,R16
JMP Check_Case4

Default4:
LDI R16,0x00
OUT PORTA,R16
LDI R16,0x00
OUT PORTB,R16
JMP Main

Task1:
LDI R16,0x00
OUT PORTA,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0x01
OUT PORTA,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0x02
OUT PORTA,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0x03
OUT PORTA,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0x04
OUT PORTA,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0x05
OUT PORTA,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0x06
OUT PORTA,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0x07
OUT PORTA,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0x08
OUT PORTA,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0x09
OUT PORTA,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0x00
OUT PORTA,R16
RCALL delay_05
RCALL  Check_Case2

Task2:
LDI R16,0x90
OUT PORTA,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0x80
OUT PORTA,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0x70
OUT PORTA,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0x60
OUT PORTA,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0x50
OUT PORTA,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0x40
OUT PORTA,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0x30
OUT PORTA,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0x20
OUT PORTA,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0x10
OUT PORTA,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0x00
OUT PORTA,R16
RCALL delay_05
RCALL  Check_Case3

Task3:
LDI R16,0b00000001
OUT PORTB,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0b00000010
OUT PORTB,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0b00000100
OUT PORTB,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0b00001000
OUT PORTB,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0b00010000
OUT PORTB,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0b00100000
OUT PORTB,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0b01000000
OUT PORTB,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0b10000000
OUT PORTB,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0b01000000
OUT PORTB,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0b00100000
OUT PORTB,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0b00010000
OUT PORTB,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0b00001000
OUT PORTB,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0b00000100
OUT PORTB,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0b00000010
OUT PORTB,R16
RCALL delay_05
LDI R16,0b00000000
OUT PORTB,R16
RCALL delay_05
RCALL  Check_Case4

Task4:
IN R16,PIND
ANDI R16,0b00011100
MOV R17,R16
LSR R17
LSR R17
IN R18, PIND
ANDI R18,0b11100000
MOV R19,R18
LSR R19
LSR R19
LSR R19
LSR R19
LSR R19
ADD R17,R19
OUT PORTA,R17
RCALL delay_05
JMP Main

delay_05:
LDI R16,8

outer_loop:
LDI R24,low(3037)
LDI R25,high(3037)

delay_loop:
ADIW R24,1
BRNE delay_loop
DEC R16
BRNE outer_loop
RET

;*************************************************************


Thursday 20 March 2014

Ombak Rindu versi Angklung

(Ombak Rindu versi Elektronik Angklung-Teknologi Baru dari Malaysia)

Filem Ombak Rindu adalah termasuk filem wajib tonton bagi rakyat Malaysia sebab dah jadi 'cultere impact', yang mana semua pelawak buat lawak dengan adegan babak ini, lagipun filem ini dapat kutipan pecah panggung 10 juta!

Jadi kami yang ada sekelumit naluri Sains dan Teknologi dalam jiwa merdeka ini, telah jadikan lagu Ombak Rindu sebagai salah satu runut projek Angklung Berhantu (bergetar sendiri) yang cukup mendayu dayu agak lebih ketimuran akan kesannya, kalau korang nak tahu, kos nak upah makcik macik main Angklung ni mahu celah puluh ribu, tapi dengan projek kami ini, jauh lebih murah sebab boleh main lagu Ombak Rindu tu.., sila kagum dari jauh! Nak tempah letak dekat pintu masuk rumah atau pejabat, Klik sini.

 

Lirik lagu:

Tuhan tolong lembutkan hati dia
Untuk terima ku seadanya
Kerna ku tak sanggup
Kerna ku tak mampu
Hidup tanpa dia di sisi ku

Tuhan aku tahu banyak dosa ku
Hanya ingat kamu kala duka ku
Namun hanya kamu yang mampu membuka
Pintu hatinya tuk cintaku

Malam kau bawalah rinduku
Untuk dirinya yang jauh dari ku
Agar dia tidak kesepian
Selalu rasa ada cinta agung

Hujan bawa air mata ku
Yang mengalir membasuh luka ku
Agar dia tahu ku terseksa
Tanpa cinta dia di hatiku